The City of Fredericton is taking early, proactive steps to prepare for the anticipated arrival of invasive Zebra Mussels in Fredericton.
An adult Zebra Mussel, a highly invasive freshwater species that attaches to hard surfaces, was confirmed in the Mactaquac Headpond in December 2024, and experts expect they will soon reach Fredericton.
While their spread into the area cannot be prevented entirely, the City has developed a comprehensive response plan to help slow their advance and minimize impacts to infrastructure, the environment, and recreational spaces.
Developed in collaboration with the NB Invasive Species Council (NBISC) and with information from the Government of New Brunswick, and the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), the City’s working response plan outlines key actions to protect the City’s aquatic assets and promote community awareness.
“Our focus is on prevention and preparedness,” said Councillor Kevin Darrah, Chair of the City’s Environmental Stewardship Committee. “We’re committed to protecting our infrastructure, the natural environment, and recreational spaces while keeping the public informed and engaged as the situation evolves.”
Understanding the Risks
Zebra Mussels are known to disrupt local ecosystems, outcompete native species, and cause damage to infrastructure. In Fredericton, they pose risks to stormwater outflows, wastewater treatment plant outfalls, and public-use infrastructure like docks and beaches.
Top identified risks include:
• Spread to other bodies of water by recreational motorized and non-motorized watercraft.
• Changes to river ecosystems, including increased cyanobacteria blooms, reduced sport fish catch, and higher risk of spreading other invasive species.
• Clogged storm sewer outflows increasing maintenance needs and flood risk.
• Colonization of docks, beaches, and shorelines.
Planned Actions
The City’s response is currently focused on two initial stages: public education and inspection of critical infrastructure. Additional mitigation, removal, and maintenance activities will follow once adult mussels are confirmed in Fredericton waters.
Key response initiatives include:
• Regular Invasive Species Working Group meetings to guide implementation.
• Funding applications to support response.
• Partnerships with NBISC and other stakeholders to promote Clean, Drain, Dry practices.
• Public education campaigns via signage, presentations, brochures, and digital platforms.
• Training for summer staff, with onboarding modules added in 2025.
• Mobile boat wash stations at large events and ongoing feasibility research for permanent solutions.
Infrastructure Inspection & Monitoring
To safeguard municipal assets, the City will:
• Routinely monitor in-river pipes for early signs of colonization.
• Conduct risk assessments to identify and prioritize at-risk infrastructure.
• Develop inspection and maintenance schedules and determine related costs.
“Our goal is to stay ahead of this issue,” added Jillian Hudgins, Environmental Strategist & Program Manager. “By investing in early action, we can reduce long-term costs and maintain the integrity of our recreational spaces and infrastructure.”
Residents can expect to see educational signage at boat launches and Killarney Lake this year, and you can find Zebra Mussel information online at www.fredericton.ca. Updates will be shared as the situation develops.